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Aging (Albany NY) 2009

The percentage of organic solvent (DMF) was kept constant at 0.5%

MSG increased the oxidative stress that leads to kidney tissue and function damage via several mechanisms including: (1) reduced activities of some antioxidant enzymes as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) and increased MDA level in the kidney, (2) increased activity of -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, a potential ROS generator, (3) enhanced free radical generation through increased intracellular calcium level, and (4) decreased GSH levels that may increase ROS-induced renal cell damage [12, 14, 60]

However, if it was exposed to significant heat, its safer to discard it to ensure data integrity