Over time, the duration and frequency of these flares may increase, resulting in chronic gouty arthritis and subcutaneous deposits of crystals, referred to as tophi, both of which can lead to the destruction of joints and musculoskeletal disability
Although much of the evidence described above come from cellular fractionation studies that will need validation, these findings may explain the mitochondrial dysfunction reported in in vitro and in vivo SCA3 models, namely mtDNA deletions and reduced copy number that are often found in SCA3 cells, transgenic mice, and patients
From an experimental design perspective, the key hypothesis is not that the peptides duplicate each others effects, but rather that they might support different rate-limiting steps in repair, such as cell recruitment to the injury site, fibroblast function, extracellular matrix organization, angiogenesis, and the transition from inflammatory signaling to remodeling
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